Ts Dr Low Foo Wah
journal article
- M.A. Islam, Ihsan Ahmad Siddiquee, Y.A. Wahab, S.F.W. Hatta, Jakaria Mahdi Imam, "Spin-coated high mobility MoO3 thin film for designing highly efficient lead-free perovskite solar cells", Ceramics International, Elsevier, April 2024 (ISSN: 0272-8842).
- Phey Yee Foong, Chun Hong Voon, Bee Ying Lim, Pei Leng Teh, Cheow Keat Yeoh, "Microwave Welding of Thermoplastic using Silicon Carbide Nanowhiskers as Susceptor: Effect of Heating Duration", International Journal of Nanoelectronics and Materials, UNIMAP PRESS, Volume 17, pp 1-6, July 2024 (ISSN: 1985-5761).
- Grishika Arora, Nuur Syahidah Sabran, Chiam‑Wen Liew, Chai Yan Ng, Foo Wah Low, "Development study of proton conductor: poly(vinyl alcohol)‑based gelelectrolyte for energy storage devices", IONICS, SpringerLink, pp 1-14, September 2024 (ISSN: 0947-7047).
- Phey Yee Foong, Chun Hong Voon, Bee Ying Lim, Pei Leng Teh, Cheow Keat Yeoh, "A Comparative Study of Microwave Welding Using Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes and Silicon Carbide Nanowhiskers as Microwave Susceptors", International Journal of Nanoelectronics and Materials, UniMAP Press, Volume 17, Issue 4, pp 535-540, October 2024 (ISSN: 1985-5761).
- Grishika Arora, Nuur Syahidah Sabran, Chai Yan Ng, Foo Wah Low, H. K. Jun, "Applications of carbon quantum dots in electrochemical energy storage devices", Heliyon, Elsevier Ltd., Volume e3554, pp 1-16, August 2024 (ISSN: 2405-8440).
- Thaddeus Lee, Chun Hui Tan, Chai Yan Ng, Hing Wah Lee, Chun Hong Voon, "Sustainable production of graphene oxide with ascorbic acid reduction: characterization and insights", International Journal of Nanoelectronics and Materials, UniMAP Press, Volume 17, Issue 4, pp 529-534, October 2024 (ISSN: 1985-5761).
- Grishika Arora, Nuur Syahidah Sabran, Chiam-Wen Liew, Chai Yan Ng, Foo Wah Low, "Characterization of Green-Synthesized Carbon Quantum Dots from Spent Coffee Grounds for EDLC Electrode Applications", Chemical Physics Impact, Elsevier, Volume 10076, pp 1-30, October 2024 (ISSN: 2667-0224).
- Yew Hang Soo, Chai Yan Ng, Hieng Kiat Jun, Soo Ai Ng, Foo Wah Low, "PMMA interlayers prepared with various solvents and their effects on the thermal stability of ambient air-processed MAPbI3 perovskite films", SYNTHETIC METALS, Elsevier, Volume 301, pp 1-10, December 2023 (ISSN: 0379-6779).
- Yanru Wang, Cheen Sean Oon, Ji-Jinn Foo, Manh-Vu Tran, Sayshar Ram Nair, "Numerical investigation of thermo-hydraulic performance utilizing clove-treated graphene nanoplatelets nanofluid in an annular passage with perforated curve fins", Results in Engineering, ELSEVIER, December 2022 (ISSN: 2590-1230).
- Phey Yee Foong, Chun Hong Voon, Bee Ying Lim, Pei Leng Teh, Mohd Afendi Bin Rojan, "Formation of polypropylene nanocomposite joint using silicon
carbide nanowhiskers as novel susceptor for microwave welding", JOURNAL OF REINFORCED PLASTICS AND COMPOSITES, Sage Pub, Volume 1, pp 1-23, September 2022 (ISSN: 0731-6844).
- Phey Yee Foong, Chun Hong Voon, Bee Ying Lim, Pei Leng Teh, Mohd Afendi Bin Rojan, "Effect of Microwave Power and Clamping Pressure on the Microwave
Welding of Polypropylene Using Silicon Carbide Nanowhiskers as
Microwave Susceptor", CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE, Springer, Volume 1, pp 1-16, September 2022 (ISSN: 0256-7679).
- Muhammad Kashif, Norah Salem Alsaiari, Erdawaty Jaafar, Foo Wah Low, Cheen Sean Oon, "Reaction-Time-Dependent Opto-Electrical Properties of
Graphene Oxide", Crystals, MDPI, Volume 12, Issue 1303, pp 1-9, September 2022 (ISSN: 2073-4352).
- Savisha Mahalingam, Foo Wah Low, Azimah Omar, Abreeza Manap, Nasrudin Abd Rahim, "Zinc oxide/graphene nanocomposite as efficient photoelectrode in dye-sensitized solar cells: Recent advances and future outlook", INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH, Wiley Publishing, Volume 1, pp 1-30, February 2022 (ISSN: 0363-907X).
- Mohammad Aminul Islam, Foo Wah Low, Sieh Kiong Tiong, Suhana Binti Mohd Said, Ghulam Muhammad, "The viability of alternative and nontoxic chlorine containing compounds for thermal treatment of ultrathin CdTe (≤1.0 μm) films", International Journal of Energy Research, Wiley Online Library, Volume 1, Issue 1, pp 1-13, March 2021 (ISSN: 1099-114X).
- Foo Wah Low, Cheng Yong Heah, Yun Ming Liew, Mohammad Aminul Islam, "Titanium Dioxide Loaded Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite Film as Counter Electrodes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells", IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, IOP Publishing Ltd, Volume 945, pp 1-9, December 2021 (ISSN: 1755-131).
- Fong Sue Min, Heah Cheng Yong, Liew Yun Ming, Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah, Hasniyati Md Razi, "Effect Of Silica Fume and Alumina Addition on the Mechanical
and Microstructure of Fly Ash Geopolymer Concrete", ARCHIVES OF METALLURGY AND MATERIALS, POLSKA AKAD NAUK, POLISH ACAD SCIENCES, INST METALL & MATER, Volume 67, Issue 1, pp 197-202, December 2021 (ISSN: 1733-3490).
- Muhammad Kashif, Erdawaty Jafaar, Siti K. Sahari, Foo W. Low, Nguyen D. Hoa, "Organic sensitization of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide thin films for photovoltaic applications", INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH, Wiley, pp 1-10, January 2021 (ISSN: 0363-907X).
- Muhammad Kashif, Erdawaty Jaafar, Poonam Bhadja, Foo Wah Low, Siti Kudnie Sahari, "Effect of Potassium Permanganate on Morphological, Structural
and Electro-Optical Properties of Graphene Oxide Thin Films", Arabian Journal of Chemistry, Elsevier, Volume 14, Issue 2, pp 1-8, February 2021 (ISSN: 1878-5352).
- Nelson Pynadathu Rumjit, Nurul Asma Samsudin, Foo Wah Low, Paul Thomas, Chin Wei Lai, "Kinetic and isotherm studies on adsorptive removal of sulfates by cotton shell derived biochar: Recovery of sulfates from marcasite soil", Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy, Elsevier, Volume 20, Issue 2021, pp 1-11, January 2021 (ISSN: 2352-5541).
- Savisha Mahalingam, Abreeza Manap, Azimah Omar, Foo Wah Low, N.F. Afandi, "Functionalized graphene quantum dots for dye-sensitized solar cell: Key challenges, recent developments and future prospects", Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, Volume 144, Issue 11099, pp 1-21, April 2021 (ISSN: 1364-032).
- Nur Ain Jaya, Liew Yun-Ming, Heah Cheng-Yong, Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah, Low Foo Wah, "Effect of anisotropic pores on the materialproperties of metakaolin geopolymer compositesincorporated with corrugated fiberboard and rubber", Journal of Materials Research and Technology-JMR&T, Elsevier, Volume 14, pp 822-834, July 2021 (ISSN: 2238-7854).
- Xin Hui Yau, Foo Wah Low, Cheng Seong Khe, Chin Wei Lai, Sieh Kiong Tiong, "An investigation of the stirring duration effect on synthesized graphene oxide for dye sensitized solar cells", PLoS One, Creative Commons Attribution License, Volume 15, Issue 2, pp 1-15, February 2020 (ISSN: 1932-6203).
- Chin Wei Lai, Nurul Asma Samsudin, Foo Wah Low, Nur Azimah Abd Samad, Kung Shiuh Lau, "Influence of Temperature Reaction for the CdSe?TiO2 Nanotube Thin Film Formation via Chemical Bath Deposition in Improving the Photoelectrochemical Activity", Materials, MDPI Publishers, Volume 13, Issue 2533, pp 1-16, June 2020 (ISSN: 1996-1944).
- Mohammad Shakeri, Jagadeesh Pasupuleti, Nowshad Amin, Md. Rokonuzzaman, Foo Wah Low, "An Overview of the Building Energy Management System Considering the Demand Response Programs, Smart Strategies and Smart Grid", Energies, MDPI Publishers, Volume 13, Issue 3299, pp 1-15, June 2020 (ISSN: 1996-1073).
- Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering & Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Bandar Sungai Long,, Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (The Energy University), Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN,, School of Electrical & Information Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District,, Engineering Physics, School of Electrical Engineering, Telkom University,, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Malaya, Jalan Universiti,, "Influence of Sputtering Temperature of TiO2 Deposited onto Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanosheet as Efficient Photoanodes in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells", MOLECULES, MDPI Publishers, Volume 25, Issue 4852, pp 1-18, October 2020 (ISSN: 1420-3049).
- Mohammad Shakeri, Nowshad Amin, Jagadeesh Pasupuleti, Abolfazl Mehbodniya, Nilofar Asim, "An Autonomous Home Energy Management System Using Dynamic Priority Strategy in Conventional Homes", Energies, MDPI Publishers, Volume 13, Issue 3312, pp 1-14, June 2020 (ISSN: 1996-1073).
- Nurul Asma Samsudin, Foo Wah Low, Yulisa Yusoff, Mohammad Shakeri, Xiao Yun Tan, "Effect of temperature on synthesis of cellulose nanoparticles via ionic liquid hydrolysis process", JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS, Elsevier, Volume 308, pp 1-7, April 2020 (ISSN: 0167-7322).
- Seyyed Mojtaba Mousavi, Foo Wah Low, Seyyed Alireza Hashemi, Nurul Asma Samsudin, Mohammad Shakeri, "Development of hydrophobic reduced graphene oxide as a new efficient approach for photochemotherapy", RSC Advances, Royal Society of Chemistry, Volume 10, Issue 22, pp 12851-12863, March 2020 (ISSN: 2046-2069).
- Seyyed Mojtaba Mousavi, Foo Wah Low, Seyyed Alireza Hashemi, Chin Wei Lai, Younes Ghasemi, "Development of graphene based nanocomposites towards medical and biological applications", Artificial Cells Nanomedicine and Biotechnology, Taylor & Francis, Volume 48, Issue 1, pp 1189-1205, September 2020 (ISSN: 2169-1401).
- C.S. Oon, S.N. Kazi, M.A. Hakimin, A.H. Abdelrazek, A.R. Mallah, "Heat transfer and fouling deposition investigation on the titanium coated heat exchanger surface", POWDER TECHNOLOGY, Elsevier, Volume 373, pp 671-680, July 2020 (ISSN: 0032-5910).
- Foo Wah Low, Nurul Asma Samsudin, Yulisa Yusoff, Xiao Yun Tan, Chin Wei Lai, "Hydrolytic cleavage of glycosidic bonds for cellulose nanoparticles (CNPs) production by BmimHSO4 ionic liquid catalyst", THERMOCHIMICA ACTA, Elsevier, Volume 684, pp 1-8, November 2019 (ISSN: 0040-6031).
- Ivy Heng, Foo Wah Low, Chin Wei Lai, Joon Ching Juan, Nowshad Amin, "High performance supercapattery with rGO/TiO2 nanocomposites
anode and activated carbon cathode", JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS, Elsevier, Volume 796, pp 13-24, May 2019 (ISSN: 0925-8388).
- Foo Wah Low, Chin Wei Lai, Nilofar Asim, Md. Akhtaruzzaman, Mohammad Alghoul, "An investigation on titanium doping in reduced graphene oxide by RF magnetron sputtering for dye-sensitized solar cells", SOLAR ENERGY, Elsevier, Volume 188, pp 10-18, May 2019 (ISSN: 0038-092X).
- Ivy Heng, Foo Wah Low, Chin Wei Lai, Joon Ching Juan, Sieh Kiong Tiong, "Hybrid Graphene Titanium Nanocomposites and Their Applications in Energy Storage Devices: a Review", JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS, Springer Link, Volume 49, pp 1777-1786, December 2019 (ISSN: 0361-5235).
- Foo Wah Low, Chin Wei Lai, "Reduced Graphene Oxide Decorated Tio2 for Improving Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs)", Current Nanoscience, Bentham Science Publishers, Volume 15, Issue 6, pp 631-636, December 2019 (ISSN: 1573-4137).
- Foo Wah Low, Chin Wei Lai, "Recent developments of graphene-TiO2 composite nanomaterials as efficient photoelectrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells: A review", RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS, Elsevier, Volume 82, Issue 1, pp 103-125, February 2018 (ISSN: 1364-0321).
- Foo Wah Low, Chin Wei Lai, Kian Mun Lee, Joon Ching Juan, "Enhance of TiO2 dopants incorporated reduced graphene oxide via RF magnetron sputtering for efficient dye-sensitised solar cells", RARE METALS, Springer, Volume 37, pp 919-928, May 2018 (ISSN: 1001-0521).
- Foo Wah Low, Chin Wei Lai, Sharifah Bee Abd Hamid, "One-step hydrothermal synthesis of titanium dioxide decorated on reduced graphene oxide for dye-sensitised solar cells application", International Journal of Nanotechnology, InderScience, Volume 15, Issue 1/2/3, pp 78-92, January 2018 (ISSN: 1475-7435).
- Foo Wah Low, Chin Wei Lai, Sharifah Bee Abd Hamid, "Study of reduced graphene oxide film incorporated of TiO2 species for efficient visible light driven dye-sensitized solar cell", JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS, Springer, Volume 28, Issue 4, pp 3819-3836, February 2017 (ISSN: 0957-4522).
- Chin Wei Lai, Foo Wah Low, Mun Foong Tai, Sharifah Bee Abdul Hamid, "Iron oxide nanoparticles decorated oleic acid for high colloidal
stability", ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY, Wiley, Volume 37, Issue 6, pp 1-10, March 2017 (ISSN: 0730-6679).
- Foo Wah Low, Chin Wei Lai, Sharifah Bee Abd Hamid, "Surface modification of reduced graphene oxide film by Ti ion implantation technique for high dye-sensitized solar cells performance", CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL, Elsevier, Volume 43, pp 625-633, September 2016 (ISSN: 0272-8842).
- Foo Wah Low, Chin Wei Lai, Sharifah Bee Abd Hamid, "Facile Synthesis of High Quality Graphene Oxide from Graphite Flakes Using Improved Hummer?s Technique", JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY, American Scientific Publishers, Volume 15, Issue 9, pp 1-5, September 2015 (ISSN: 1533-4880).
- Foo Wah Low, Chin Wei Lai, Sharifah Bee Abd Hamid, "Easy preparation of ultrathin reduced graphene oxide sheets at a high stirring speed", CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL, Elsevier, Volume 41, pp 5798-5806, May 2015 (ISSN: 0272-8842).
- Foo Wah Low, Chin Wei Lai, Sharifah Bee Abd Hamid, Soon Weng Chong, Wei Wen Liu, "High Yield Preparation of Graphene Oxide Film using Improved Hummer?s Technique for Current-Voltage Characteristic", Advanced Materials Research, Trans Tech Publications/Materials Science & Engineering, Volume 1109, pp 385-389, May 2015 (ISSN: 1662-8985).
- Chin Wei Lai, Foo Wah Low, Soon Weng Chong, Christelle Pau Ping Wong, Siti Zubaidah Binti Mohamed Siddick, "An Overview: Recent Development of Titanium Dioxide Loaded Graphene Nanocomposite Film for Solar Application", CURRENT ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Bentham Science, Volume 19, Issue 19, pp 1882-1895, August 2015 (ISSN: 1385-2728).
- Soon Weng Chong, Chin Wei Lai, Sharifah Bee Abd Hamid, Foo Wah Low, Wei Wen Liu, "Simple Preparation Of Exfoliated Graphene Oxide Sheets Via Simplified Hummer?s Method", Advanced Materials Research, Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland/Materials Science & Engineering, Volume 1109, pp 390-394, December 2014 (ISSN: 1662-8985).
- Low Foo Wah, Wei-Wen Liu, U. Hashim, Chin Wei Lai, "The effect of chemical solutions (Isopropyl alcohol, Dichloromethane, Acetone and Triton X-100) on the dispersion of single-walled carbon nanotubes", Advanced Materials Research, Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland/Materials Science & Engineering, Volume 1109, pp 113-117, August 2014 (ISSN: 1662-8985).
- U. Hashim, Low Foo Wah, Wei-Wen Liu, "Precise Alignment of Individual Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Using Dielectrophoresis Method for Development and Fabrication of pH Sensor", Journal of Nanomaterials, Hindawi Publishing Corporation, Volume 2013, pp 1-7, June 2013 (ISSN: 1687-4110).
- Low Foo Wah, Uda Hashim, Wei Wen Liu, Tijjani Adam, "Development and Fabrication of Carbon Nanotube (CNT) based Morphological and Electrical Characterization", Journal of Applied Sciences Research, INSInet Publications, Volume 9, Issue 6, pp 3436-3443, January 2013 (ISSN: 1819-544X).
- Low Foo Wah, Nur Hamidah Abdul Halim, Uda Hashim, Nuzaihan Md Nor, Shahidah Arina Shamsuddin, "The Alignment of Carbon Nano Tube between Aluminum Electrodes using AC Dielectrophoresis Method", 2011 IEEE Regional Symposium on Micro and Nano Electronics, IEEE, pp 1-4, December 2011 (ISSN: 1803?7232).
conference proceedings
- Chong Tak Yaw, Keem Siah Yap, Siaw Paw Koh, Sieh Kiong Tiong, Ali K., Gas Turbine Model Parameter Classification During Abnormal
Operation Using Support Vector Machine For Maintenance, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 23 August 2022 (ISSN: 1742-6596).
- Chong Tak Yaw, Siew Li Teoh, Siaw Paw Koh, Keem Siah Yap, Kok Hen Chong, Fault Diagnosis in Wind Energy Management System using
Extreme Learning Machine: A Systematic Review, Journal of physics: Conference series, 23 August 2022 (ISSN: 1742-6596).
book
- Hieng Kiat Jun, Foo Wah Low, "Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage", Taylor & Francis Group, 2024 (ISBN: 9781003314424).
book chapter
- Mohammad Aminul Islam, Kazi Zehad Mostofa, Hamidreza Mohafez, Md Jakir Hossen, Foo Wah Low, Non-Invasive Health Systems based on Advanced Biomedical Signal and Image Processing, Taylor & Francis Group, 2024 (ISBN: 9781003346678).
- Hieng Kiat Jun, Fundamental of Energy Conversion, Taylor & Francis Group, 2024 (ISBN: 9781003314424).
- Foo Wah Low, Muhammad Kashif, Mohammad Aminul Islam, Hieng Kiat Jun, Cheen Sean Oon, Graphene Materials and Their Effects in
Perovskite Solar Cells, Taylor & Francis Group, 2024 (ISBN: 9781003314424).
- Grishika Arora, Tejas Sharma, Foo Wah Low, Chai Yan Ng, Pramod K. Singh, Next‑Generation Supercapacitors with Sustainably Processed
Carbon Quantum Dots, Taylor & Francis Group, 2024 (ISBN: 9781003314424).
- Mohammad Aminul Islam, Kazi Zehad Mostofa, Foo Wah Low, Mikhail Vasiliev, Syed Mohammad Shamsul Islam, Non-Invasive Health Systems based on Advanced Biomedical Signal and Image Processing, Taylor & Francis Group, 2024 (ISBN: 9781003346678).
- Nurul Asma Samsudin, Ying-Chin Lim, Sook-Keng Chang, Ivy Heng, Foo Wah Low, Titanium Dioxide Nanostructured Based Supercapacitors, Elsevier, 2021 (ISBN: 978-0-12-409548-9).
- Pin Jern Ker, Ahmed Ibrahim Ahmed Mohammed, Su Mei Goh, Chien Fat Chau, Foo Wah Low, Supercapacitor: Evolution and Potential in Energy-Related Applications, Elsevier, 2021 (ISBN: 978-0-12-409548-9).
- Foo Wah Low, Savisha Mahalingam, Mohammad Shakeri, Chong Tak Yaw, Nurul Asma Samsudin, Mechanism of Photoanodes for Dye-Sensitized and Perovskite Solar Cells, SpringerLink, 2020 (ISBN: 978-3-030-57922-7).
- Foo Wah Low, Mohammad Shakeri, Savisha Mahalingam, Chong Tak Yaw, Nurul Asma Samsudin, Graphene and Its Derivatives for Supercapacitor Application, Elsevier, 2020 (ISBN: 978-0-12-409548-9).
- Foo Wah Low (Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering & Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Banda), Savisha Mahalingam (Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (@The Energy University), Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, 43000 Kajang, Selangor,), Nurul Asma Samsudin (Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (@The Energy University), Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, 43000 Kajang, Selangor), Chien Fat Chau (College of Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (@The Energy University), Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia), Abreeza Manap (Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (@The Energy University), Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Mala), Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences, Elsevier / Science Direct, 2020 (ISBN: 978-0-12-409548-9).
- Foo Wah Low, Chin Wei Lai, Nurul Asma Samsudin, Yulisa Yusoff, Su Mei Goh, Graphene and its derivatives, synthesis route, and mechanism
for photovoltaic solar cell applications, Elsevier / Sustainable Materials for Next Generation Energy Devices, 2020 (ISBN: 9780128209066).
- Foo Wah Low, Chin Wei Lai, Sieh Kiong Tiong, Nowshad Amin, Graphene-Based Nanocomposites for Renewable Energy Application, SpringerLink, 2019 (ISBN: 978-3-030-40512-0).
- Chin Wei Lai, Foo Wah Low, Siti Zubaidah Binti Mohamed Siddick, Joon Ching Juan, Graphene/TiO2 Nanocomposites: Synthesis Routes, Characterization, and Solar Cell Applications, Wiley Online Library, 2019 (ISBN: 9781119459903).
- Foo Wah Low, Chin Wei Lai, Christelle Pau Ping Wong, Graphene and Graphene/TiO2 Nanocomposites for Renewable Dye Sensitized Solar Cells, Materials Research Forum LLC/Publisher in Materials Science & Engineering, 2018 (ISBN: 9781644901007).